четвъртък, 21 февруари 2013 г.
Wu Mi
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
This is a Chinese name; the family name is Wu.
| Wu Mi | |
|---|---|
| Born | August 20, 1894 Jingyang, Shaanxi, China |
| Died | January 17, 1978 (aged 83) Jingyang, Shaanxi |
| Pen name | Yu Sheng |
| Occupation | Founder of Chinese comparative literature, Critic, Redologist, Educator, Poet |
| Period | 1894–1978 |
Wu Mi (Chinese: 吴宓) (August 20, 1894 – January 17, 1978), (once using the name Wu Yuheng (吴玉衡)), was one of the founders of Chinese comparative literature, a critic, redologist (one who studies the Chinese classic book Dream of the Red Chamber), educator and poet. In 1942 he become a professor in Ministry of Education (Republic of China). He was also one of the originators to begin Tsinghua University's school of Sinology. While studying at Harvard, he became known as "one of the three Outstanding Persons of Harvard" along with Chen Yinke and Tang Yongtong (汤用彤).[1]
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[edit]Education
In 1903, Wu Mi went to an old-style private school, where his classmates ranged from ten to thirty years old, to begin studying Sinology systematically in Xi'an. He read Confucian classics such as Spring and Autumn Annals, Zuo Zhuan. He also read Xinmin Series Newspaper (新民丛报)Shanghai Vernacular Newspaper (上海白话报), the papers sent by his family from Shanghai. He also tried writing novels, but did not succeed.[2]
WuMi went to Sanyuan County in order to learn from Wang Linbian (王麟编) in October, 1904. In the same year, the imperial examination system was officially abolished.[2]
In the beginning of 1906, he moved to Sanyuan County with his grandmother from Xi'an (西安). He took the preparatory course of Hongdao Advanced School (宏道高等学堂, like junior school today) studying Chinese, English, Maths etc. During the study, he began to write poems, novels and scripts. He tried to make a magazine called Magazine of Xi'an (西安杂志), but gave up very soon. At that time, he first read the novel Dream of the Red Chamber.[3]
Wu changed his name to Wu Mi in May, 1910. He took the entrance examination of Tsinghua Preparatory School for America (清华留美预备学校) and took first place in the regional examination of Xi’an.[3] In 1911, he passed the reexamination as the second of 400 students from all over China. He cut his long braid when he arrived in Beijing. On 29th April, he began his study in Tsinghua School, but because of financial difficulties Tsinghua School (清华学堂) was suspended for a while. At that time, he went to Shanghai to do proofreading work for People Daily (民立日报).[4]
In February 1912, Wu went to Shanghai to learn English at St. John’s University.[5] In May, he went back to Tsinghua School.[6] He was elected the representative of a student strike in September and was expelled from the school, but soon the school restored his name on the school roll for his outstanding achievement in school.[7]
Wu Mi graduated from Tsinghua Preparatory School in June 1916. Since he didn’t pass the physical examination and had an eye disease, he was deferred from going to America for one year. He worked as a translator of Tsinghua School’s copy-writing department. During his study in Tsinghua, he was the editor of Tsinghua Study Journal (清华学报), Tsinghua Weekly (清华周刊) and Tsinghua English An
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